LABORATORY EVALUATION
of StaiNo® Tooth Stain Eraser for Stain Removal and Abrasivity
OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this laboratory study was to evaluate the potential of using the StaiNo® Tooth Stain Eraser product to effectively remove stain from natural tooth enamel.
The secondary objective of this study was to evaluate the abrasivity of the product relating to scratching or other deleterious effects on tooth enamel.
RESULTS
Stain Removal
On light coffee, tea, or tobacco stain.
Visual examination and Colorimetric determinations showed that regardless of the type of stain, removal of the stain from the extracted teeth was generally accomplished after 30 hand strokes with the 400 grit StaiNo® Tooth Stain Remover product.
On heavy tobacco stain with calculus
In general, for total stain removal using the 400 grit StaiNo® Tooth Stain Remover 200 strokes were required. It should be noted that very heavy stains were generally associated with calculus build-up on the teeth. The degree of difficulty of removal of the stain was compounded by the removal of the underlying calculus.
Photographs of the stain removal of some heavily stained lower incisors are shown in figures 1-4.

Figure 1 Figure 2
Initial heavy tobacco stain Removed stain with StaiNo instrument

Figure 3 Figure 4
Sample #2 - Initial stain Sample #2, Stain removed with StaiNo instrument
Scratching of Tooth Surface by the StaiNo® Tooth Stain Eraser
Using the stereomicroscope, it was observed that the enamel surface rubbed with the 400 grit Tooth Stain Eraser had no visible scratches, and remained shiny in appearance.
Using the scanning electron microscope at 400 to 1000X, it was determined that the 400 grit StaiNo® instrument created scratches which were generally less than 5 microns in with. See Figure 5.
Figure 5 - 
Scratches produced
by 400
grit StaiNo®
Tooth Stain
Eraser SEM
magnification
500X
CONCLUSIONS
1. The 400 grit StaiNo® Tooth Stain Eraser is capable of removing light and heavy stains of coffee, tea, and tobacco.
2. The 400 grit StaiNo® Tooth Stain Eraser creates no visible differences in the enamel surface after rubbing, and the surface remains shiny. Microscopically, it appears that this instrument creates scratches in the enamel surface which are less than 5 microns in width. In the investigator’s opinion these small scratches created may be remineralized by natural salivary constituents and by using remineralizing over-thecounter toothpaste formulation.
Studies conducted at:
New Jersey Dental School (UMDNJ)
110 Bergen Street
Newark, New Jersey 07103
April 29, 2002
by Marc A. Rosenblum, Ph.D., D.M.D.
Associate Professor of Dentistry
Department of General Dentistry and Biomaterials